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EPSG Library · Global and web

EPSG:4284 — Pulkovo 1942

Source: EPSG Dataset via PROJ 9.5.1 · Updated

Summary

EPSG:4284 (Pulkovo 1942) is a geographic 2D coordinate reference system on the Pulkovo 1942 datum with coordinates in degrees. Area of use: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Estonia - onshore; Georgia - onshore; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia - onshore; Lithuania - onshore; Moldova; Russian Federation - onshore; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Ukraine - onshore; Uzbekistan.

  • Type: geographic 2D
  • Datum: Pulkovo 1942
  • Units: degree
  • Axes: Lat, Lon

Definition

EPSG:4284 as published in the EPSG Dataset (PROJ 9.5.1).
PropertyValue
EPSG codeEPSG:4284
NamePulkovo 1942
TypeGeographic 2d CRS
DatumPulkovo 1942
EllipsoidKrassowsky 1940 (a = 6,378,245.000 m, 1/f = 298.3)
Prime meridianGreenwich
AxesGeodetic latitude (Lat, north, degree); Geodetic longitude (Lon, east, degree)
ScopeGeodesy.
Bounding box19.57° to -168.97° longitude, 35.14° to 81.91° latitude

Area of use

Armenia; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Estonia - onshore; Georgia - onshore; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia - onshore; Lithuania - onshore; Moldova; Russian Federation - onshore; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Ukraine - onshore; Uzbekistan.

Example coordinates

A WGS 84 point at longitude 105.3°, latitude 58.525° (inside the area of use) has these coordinates in EPSG:4284:

Computed with PROJ using the EPSG default operation: unavailable until proj_trans is called.
AxisValueUnit
Longitude105.299685°
Latitude58.524238°

Open this conversion in the coordinate converter

Transformations to WGS 84

Candidate operations from the EPSG Dataset, best first as ranked by PROJ.
OperationAccuracyArea of use
axis order change (2D) + Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (16) + axis order change (2D)4.5 mArmenia; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Estonia - onshore; Georgia - onshore; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia - onshore; Lithuania - onshore; Moldova; Russian Federation - onshore; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Ukraine - onshore; Uzbekistan.
axis order change (2D) + Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (20) + axis order change (2D)3 mRussian Federation - onshore.
axis order change (2D) + Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (1) + axis order change (2D)999 mRussian Federation - onshore.
axis order change (2D) + Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (7) + axis order change (2D)44 mKazakhstan - onshore including Caspian Sea.
axis order change (2D) + Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (14) + axis order change (2D)5 mAzerbaijan (including Caspian) and Georgia onshore.
axis order change (2D) + Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (10) + axis order change (2D)2 mKazakhstan - Caspian Sea.
axis order change (2D) + Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (6) + axis order change (2D)4 mLatvia - onshore.
axis order change (2D) + Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (2) + axis order change (2D)9 mLithuania - onshore.

Transformations change the datum, so each has an accuracy and an area of use. Choose the most accurate one that covers your data and record its name. See datum transformations.

Definitions and downloads

PROJ string

+proj=longlat +ellps=krass +no_defs +type=crs

A PROJ string cannot carry every EPSG detail (axis order, datum ensemble, transformations). Prefer WKT2 or the EPSG code itself.

Proj4js definition used by the converter

+proj=longlat +ellps=krass +towgs84=25,-141,-78.5,-0,0.35,0.736,0 +no_defs

Datum shift from Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (16) (EPSG accuracy 4.5 m), the best single Helmert operation for this area of use. Where PROJ prefers a grid-based or multi-step operation (see the table above), results can differ by up to that operation's accuracy.

WKT2:2019
GEOGCRS["Pulkovo 1942", DATUM["Pulkovo 1942", ELLIPSOID["Krassowsky 1940",6378245,298.3, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], USAGE[ SCOPE["Geodesy."], AREA["Armenia; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Estonia - onshore; Georgia - onshore; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia - onshore; Lithuania - onshore; Moldova; Russian Federation - onshore; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Ukraine - onshore; Uzbekistan."], BBOX[35.14,19.57,81.91,-168.97]], ID["EPSG",4284]]

Downloads

FAQ

What is EPSG:4284?

EPSG:4284 (Pulkovo 1942) is a geographic 2D coordinate reference system on the Pulkovo 1942 datum with coordinates in degrees. Area of use: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Estonia - onshore; Georgia - onshore; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia - onshore; Lithuania - onshore; Moldova; Russian Federation - onshore; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Ukraine - onshore; Uzbekistan.

Where can EPSG:4284 be used?

Its area of use is: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Estonia - onshore; Georgia - onshore; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia - onshore; Lithuania - onshore; Moldova; Russian Federation - onshore; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Ukraine - onshore; Uzbekistan.

What is the axis order of EPSG:4284?

By the EPSG definition: Geodetic latitude, Geodetic longitude. Many GIS formats such as GeoJSON and KML store longitude first instead.

How accurate is the transformation from EPSG:4284 to WGS 84?

The most accurate EPSG transformation listed here is “axis order change (2D) + Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (10) + axis order change (2D)”, with a stated accuracy of 2 m for Kazakhstan - Caspian Sea.. Always check the area of use before applying it.

Coordinate systems

Articles

Tools

References

  1. IOGP. EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset, epsg.org/crs_4284.
  2. PROJ 9.5.1 / pyproj 3.7.2, used to compute every value on this page.

Cite this page

GeoCAD Bridge. “EPSG:4284 — Pulkovo 1942.” GeoCAD Bridge EPSG Library, updated 2026-10-05. https://www.geocadbridge.com/epsg/4284/